The Traces | a poem from Fernando Pessoa Fegides, Museum of Modern Greek Culture, Athens, curator Thanassis Moutsopoulos
Traces, Memories and Ghosts of Cleanliness
Although the baths in the Mediterranean Basin are of Roman origin, they have gained new significance with the prevalence of Islam in its eastern part, while at the same time they were abandoned and felt into decay in the West. The water from which God created all the living beings (Quran, 21:30) has the same laxative qualities in Islam that has fire for Christianity (Matthew c 11).¹ The strict prescription of the ritual bath, ghoust (“to wash the whole body ritually“) before Friday’s prayer, has created a tradition - long and distant for many years in Western Europe - that will gradually pass through to Cristian and Jewish populations of the Ottoman Empire. The visit to the Hamam gradually had a normality for all religions. The self-con-tained separation of the sexes in the Hamam (usually in different parts or other days or hours for men and women) excludes the presence of minor children of both sexes when accompanied by their guardians (very gracefully seen in the Halfaouine Angerian film of the 1990’s). When the Muslims left with the foundation of the new Greek state, the particular Baths are limited to the use of only Christian citizens. Less diligent than the Muslim neighbours who left now (do not forget the insinuating characterization of “clean ladies“ for the prostitutes as they regularly cleaned themselves), these Hamams (Turkish baths) will serve the needs of people who do not have a bath in their home, meaning the majority of the population before the beginning of the 20th century. Even the civilized Europeans in Paris will have the same subject: “ In the middle of the 19th century, for example, none of the average residential houses, however luxurious, have a bath room. The plans of the high-rise houses in Modern in 1837 and that of the Daly’s Architectural Inspectorate since 1840 and for a log time afterwards, converge in this respect: they do not have a bath room, although a toilet room appears as an annex to the bedrooms.”² Years after abandoning the building as a functional bath and turning it into a museum, six artists return to its premises to recall traces and memories that have been lost.
Marigo Kassi works with the means of knitting and embroidery, emphasizing her female identity. She knits together pieces of fabric with patterns, rashes, pieces as patchwork of body fragments and underwear. This textile complex resembles a festive unfolding of women’s symbols within a space that one separated the sexes and identities. At the same time she places towels in the space as a reminder of the activities that took place there.
Anthony Michaelidis, commenting on the absence and memory, the artist creates ghost-toys in the museum space, using a material tarred paper that looks like it’s burned, while their “content” of cotton wool, appears from within as if having undergone a long-term decay. In another work, (commenting on communication) he creates towers, as the social dimension of the baths was par excellence the most important information centre and communication post, as well a tower references (commenting on the liquid element) to the water tanks that were once installed in almost every roof of house terrace.
Christina’s Moralis, an artist who systematically explores the means of ceramics, here makes ceramic versions of the wardrobes, with towels hanging on a staircase as a trail of activities. The weekly meetings in the hamam and the long stay there required eating, accompanying the chat and the gossip. Moralis here installs fruit pickers. The most odd perhaps of her installations is the suitcase with broken dolls, ghosts of a life that is no longer here.
Lili Bakoyannis follows a more anthropological way: she returns to a place that once was full of a laughter and babbling of babies and children and is now characterised by institutional silence. She installs precise ceramic copies of babies in the room in natural poses, sometimes laughing and sometimes crying. As a modern Pompeii, Bakoyannis’ installation fades melancholy in the time.
Alice Palaska works under the concept of creating trace and its fragment, commenting the fragmented and the full. In this show, she places in the center of a space a precise paper mold of a bathtub. The delicate construction resembles a hazel-like trace of something robust and compact that no longer exists. Palaska’s work recalls a spectral memory of the past. The installation is completed by a green glass sphere that intensifies the shiver.
Mary Christea shows a video into the empty spaces of the old bathroom. The video projection, thanks to its intangible character, brings more strongly the sense of ghost of the past in the Museum space. Vapors appear, sounds from nature are heard, the viewer, as if through an emotional process, feels transferred to another place and time. The video art of Christea create heterotopias.
Through the artists works the show achieved its objective. The six artists here, by choosing to work in a pointed and fragmented manner, sensing and exploring the space, present and interpret: Memories, Traces, Ghosts.
¹ Slimane Zeghidour, The Daily Life in Mecca from Mohammed to Our Days, translation by Ms. A. Sakellariou, Papadima, 1993, p. 50.
² Georges Vigarello, Clean and Dirty: Physical Higience from the Middle Ages to Today, translation by Sp. Markatos, Alexandria, 2000, p. 224.
Thanassis Moutsopoulos